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Now let’s see how the nonideality of binary mixtures influences the distillation process (Figure 1). From Fig. 2.2b it is clear that, in this particular case, the infinite number of steps and, respectively, the area of constant concentrations appear in Continue reading Nonideality Influences of McCabe-Thiele Distillation Diagram→

Geometric interpretation is extremely important for the understanding of distillation process. In this relation, binary distillation gives us particularly large possibilities. Only for binary distillation are we able to show in a flat diagram the composition of both liquid and Continue reading Geometric Interpretation of Binary Distillation: McCabe-Thiele Diagram→

The distillation process is described by a system of algebraic equations, for the deduction of which let’s consider a closed- loop covering, for example, the column overhead beginning from tray j (Figure 1.b). Figure 1. (a) A distillation column with condenser, Continue reading System of Algebraic Equations of Distillation→

To begin with, let’s consider a schematic diagram of a distillation column with a condenser and a reboiler (Figure 1.a). The column feed, in the common case, is vapor–liquid mixture of flow rate F and with concentrations of components zi Continue reading Description of Distillation Process→

Distillation is the oldest and the most universal process of chemical technology and other branches of industry incorporating separation of mixtures. Practically, all natural substances and substances produced in the chemical reactors are mixtures that do not have the properties Continue reading Purpose and Process Essence of Distillation→

Separation operations achieve their objective by the creation of two or more coexisting zones which differ in temperature, pressure, composition, and/or phase state. Each molecular species in the mixture to be separated reacts in a unique way to differing environments Continue reading General Principles of Continuous Distillation Operations→